马克·多蒂

马克·多蒂（英语：Mark Doty，1953年8月10日—），美国诗人，生于美国田纳西州玛丽维尔。德雷克大学学士，戈达德学院艺术硕士，曾任美国诗人学会校务长。

生平

他先是在德雷克大学获得学士学位，后在戈达德学院获得艺术硕士学位。作为诗人出道较晚，34岁时出版自己第一部诗集Turtle，Swam，38岁时出版第二部诗集Bethlehem in Broad Daylight。诗歌常关注同性恋和艾滋病问题。1993年出版成名诗集My Alexandria。他的伙伴Wally Robert于1989年罹患艾滋病，多蒂在My Alexandria中探讨了对永生，对命运的绝望感，该诗集入围美国国家诗歌系列（National Poetry Series），并获得National Books Critics Circle Award ，Los Angeles Times Book Prize和英国的T.S.艾略特奖。马克·多蒂在美国诗坛上获奖累累，如Ambassador Book Award，Bingham Poetry Prize，Lambda Literary Award，等等。除了八本诗集，马克·多蒂还著有三本回忆录，其中Dog Years曾获纽约时报最佳畅销书和美国图书馆协会颁发的Israel Fishman Stonewall Book Award。2011年，他被选为Chancellor of the Academic of American Poets。2012年出任The Best American Poetry客座编辑。

风格

马克·多蒂的诗往往富于对生命的思考，带有很沉的内在重量和无以挣脱的忧虑。

Mark Doty (born August 10, 1953) is an American poet and memoirist best known for his work My Alexandria. He was the winner of the National Book Award for Poetry in 2008.

Early life

Mark Doty was born in Maryville, Tennessee, to Lawrence and Ruth Doty, with an older sister, Sarah Alice Doty. He earned a Bachelor of Arts from Drake University in Des Moines, Iowa, and received his Master of Fine Arts in creative writing from Goddard College in Plainfield, Vermont.

Career

Doty's first collection of poems, Turtle, Swan, was published by David R. Godine in 1987; a second collection, Bethlehem in Broad Daylight, appeared from the same publisher in 1991. Booklist described his verse as "quiet, intimate" and praised its original style in turning powerful young urban experience into "an example of how we live, how we suffer and transcend suffering".

Doty's "Tiara" was printed in 1990 in an anthology called Poets for Life: Seventy-Six Poets Respond to AIDS. This poem critiques the way society perceived and treated homosexual AIDS sufferers. The 1980s marked the beginning of the AIDS epidemic in the United States. The Reagan administration's delayed action to fight AIDS resulted in thousands of deaths, especially among young gay men. Much of the initial reluctance to mobilize was due to homophobia—society was, at the time, uncomfortable with gay sexuality. This poem criticizes the idea that gay men "invite[d] their own oppression as a consequence of pleasure." The poem's phrase "he asked for it" represents this common, unsympathetic opinion about gay men with AIDS. Imagery like "perfect stasis" and "body's paradise" is used by Doty to paint a future beyond brutality and discrimination for AIDS sufferers. According to Landau, Doty's poems were "humane and comforting narratives" that offered hope to people living with HIV and stood in contrast to the hostile climate of the United States.

His third book of poetry, My Alexandria (University of Illinois Press, 1993), reflects the grief, perceptions and new awareness gained in the face of great and painful loss. In 1989, Doty's partner Wally Roberts tested positive for HIV. The collection, written while Roberts had not yet become ill, contemplates the prospect of mortality, desperately attempting to find some way of making the prospect of loss even momentarily bearable. My Alexandria was chosen for the National Poetry Series by Philip Levine, and won the National Book Critics Circle Award and the Los Angeles Times Book Prize. When the book was published in the U.K. by Jonathan Cape, Doty became the first American poet to win the T. S. Eliot Prize, Britain's most significant annual award for poetry.

Doty had begun the poems collected in Atlantis (HarperCollins, 1995) when Roberts died in 1994. The book won the Bingham Poetry Prize and the Ambassador Book Award. Heaven's Coast: A Memoir (HarperCollins, 1996), is a meditative account of losing a loved one, and a study in grief. The book received the PEN Martha Albrand Award First Nonfiction.

Doty is the author of nine books of poetry, most recently Deep Lane (W.W. Norton, 2015), a book of descents: into the earth beneath the garden, into the dark substrata of a life. He has also written essays on still life painting, objects and intimacy, and a handbook for writers. His volumes of poetry include Sweet Machine (HarperCollins, 1998), Source, (HarperCollins, 2002), School of the Arts (HarperCollins, 2005) and Fire to Fire: New and Selected Poems (HarperCollins, 2008), which received the National Book Award.

Doty's 3 memoirs include Heaven's Coast, described as "searing" by The New York Times, is the excruciating journaling of his thoughts subsequent to hearing his lover's diagnosis with AIDS, a work "layered" with awarenesses like Dante's trip through hell (HarperCollins, 1996), and Firebird: A Memoir, an autobiography from six to sixteen, which tells the story of his childhood in the American South and in Arizona (HarperCollins, 1999). These first two