安东·拉维

安东·拉维（英语：Anton Szandor LaVey，1930年4月11日—1997年10月29日），原名霍华德·斯坦顿·拉维（Howard Stanton Levey），是一名美国作家、音乐家和神秘学家。他是撒旦教会的创始人，以及撒旦崇拜的推崇者。他撰写了几本书籍，包括《撒旦圣经》、《撒旦仪式》、《撒旦女巫》、《魔鬼笔记本》和《撒旦如是说！》。另外，他推出过三张音乐专辑，包括《撒旦弥撒》、《撒旦放假》和《古怪音乐》。

拉维主张的是一种建立于个人主义和放纵世俗享乐之上的撒旦主义。他并不认为撒旦是一个精神实质，相反，他认为撒旦是一个具有人世间世俗价值的文学象征。他于1966年4月30日的瓦尔普吉斯之夜（Walpurgis Night）宣布当年为撒旦纪元的元年，建立了撒旦教会，并于1969年写成了《撒旦圣经》。

Anton Szandor LaVey (born Howard Stanton Levey; April 11, 1930 – October 29, 1997) was an American writer, musician, and Satanist. He was the founder of the Church of Satan, and the philosophy of LaVeyan Satanism. He authored several books, including The Satanic Bible, The Satanic Witch, The Satanic Rituals, The Devil's Notebook, and Satan Speaks!. In addition, he released three albums, including The Satanic Mass, Satan Takes a Holiday, and Strange Music. He played a minor on-screen role and served as technical advisor for the 1975 film The Devil's Rain and served as host and narrator for Nick Bougas' 1989 mondo film Death Scenes.

Historian of Satanism Gareth J. Medway described LaVey as a "born showman", with anthropologist Jean La Fontaine describing him as a "colourful figure of considerable personal magnetism". The academic scholars of Satanism Per Faxneld and Jesper Aagaard Petersen described LaVey as "the most iconic figure in the Satanic milieu". LaVey was labeled many things by journalists, religious detractors, and Satanists alike, including "The Father of Satanism", the "St. Paul of Satanism", "The Black Pope", and the "evilest man in the world".

Early life

LaVey was born Howard Stanton Levey on April 11, 1930 in Chicago, Illinois, to an American family with mixed European ancestry. His parents were Michael Joseph Levey (1903–1992) and Gertrude Augusta (née Coulton). He later wrote confusing and contradictory accounts of his ancestry, for instance describing his maternal grandmother as a "gypsy" from Transylvania, which was false, as she was born in Ukraine. The hagiography by LaVey's partner Blanche Barton—The Secret Life of a Satanist—describes his maternal grandmother as coming from a gypsy father and a Jewish mother from Transylvania. Barton merely interpreted LaVey's writings and did not research European birth records. Popular writer Doug Brod asserts that LaVey's ancestry was Russian-Jewish on both matrilineal and patrilineal sides, but LaVey's parents, both born in the U.S., were not Jewish, and he never identified as Jewish.

His parents supported his musical interests, as he tried a number of instruments; his favorites were keyboards such as the piano and accordion. Anton played piano in a Baptist church as a boy, and played oboe in high school.

He attended Tamalpais High School in Mill Valley, California, until the age of 16. LaVey claimed he left high school at age 16 to join the Clyde Beatty Circus and later carnivals, first as a roustabout and cage boy in an act with the big cats, then as a musician playing the calliope. However, journalist Lawrence Wright investigated LaVey's background and found no evidence LaVey ever worked in a circus either as a musician or a cage boy.

In the winter of 1948, LaVey began to work as an organist in bars, lounges, and nightclubs. His "genius" on keyboards helped him attain gigs. He claimed to have had a brief affair with then-unknown Marilyn Monroe while playing organ in Los Angeles burlesque houses, stating that she was a dancer at the Mayan Theater at the time. This was challenged by those who knew Monroe then, as well as the manager of the Mayan, Paul Valentine, who said she had never been one of his dancers, nor had the theater ever been used as a burlesque house.