玛丽亚·雷沙

玛丽亚·安赫莉塔·雷萨（他加禄语：Maria Angelita Ressa，1963年10月2日—）是菲律宾记者，曾担任CNN东南亚首席调查记者。

目前她拥有菲律宾与美国的双重国籍。

早年

1995年至2005年，雷萨于CNN雅加达办事处工作。她是CNN在亚洲的首席调查记者。2010年9月，她为《华尔街日报》撰写了一篇文章，批评时任总统阿基诺三世对人质危机的处理。

生平

2013年创办新闻网站《拉普勒》（Rappler），2018年度选为时代杂志年度风云人物之一。因公开批评菲律宾总统杜特尔特而遭到多次逮捕。

2018年，获得自由新闻金笔奖。2020年获图霍尔斯基奖。

2021年诺贝尔和平奖得主，也是首位获得诺贝尔奖的菲律宾籍女性。她与俄罗斯独立报“新报”（Novaya Gazeta）总编辑德米特里·穆拉托夫共获诺贝尔和平奖殊荣。在挪威奥斯陆市政厅领奖致词时，提到美国网络企业透过传播仇恨牟利，“我们当今最需要做的，是改变仇恨和暴力，改变在我们资讯生态系统中流淌的有毒污泥”。她说，美国科技巨擘“偏颇事实，对记者有偏见，蓄意把媒体分化、激进化”。

2022年1月18日，菲律宾马尼拉的法院宣判记者雷萨和新闻媒体Rappler逃税罪名不成立，税务上诉法院表示，检察官未能排除合理怀疑证明其有罪，并得出结论认为雷萨女士和Rappler没有从交易中获益。雷萨则指是新闻自由和真相的胜利。

Maria Angelita Ressa (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˈɾesa]; born Maria Angelita Delfin Aycardo; born October 2, 1963) is a Filipino and American journalist and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. She is the co-founder and CEO of Rappler. She previously spent nearly two decades working as a lead investigative reporter in Southeast Asia for CNN. She has been a distinguished fellow at Columbia University's new Institute of Global Politics since 2023 and a professor of professional practice in Columbia's School of International and Public Affairs since July 2024.

Ressa was born in Manila and raised in Toms River, New Jersey. She was included in Time's Person of the Year 2018 issue featuring a collection of journalists from around the world actively combatting fake news. On February 13, 2019, she was arrested by Philippine authorities for cyberlibel due to accusations that Rappler published a false news story concerning businessman Wilfredo Keng. On June 15, 2020, a court in Manila found her guilty of cyberlibel under the controversial Anti-Cybercrime law, a move condemned by human rights groups and journalists as an attack on press freedom. As a prominent critic of the then Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte, her arrest and conviction were seen by many in the opposition and the international community as a politically motivated act. Ressa is one of the 25 leading figures on the Information and Democracy Commission launched by Reporters Without Borders. She was awarded the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Dmitry Muratov for "their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."

Early life and education

Maria Angelita Ressa (originally named Maria Angelita Delfin Aycardo) was born in Manila, Philippines, on October 2, 1963. Ressa's father, Manuel Phil Aycardo III, died when she was one year old. She studied at St. Scholastica's College in Manila. Her mother, Hermelina, then moved to the United States, leaving Ressa and her sister with the paternal grandmother, with occasional visits. Subsequently, her mother married an Italian-American man named Peter Ames Ressa and returned to the Philippines. She brought both of her children to New Jersey when Ressa was 10 years old. Ressa was adopted by her stepfather and she took his last name.

Her parents then relocated to Toms River, New Jersey, where she went to Toms River High School North, a public school. Though she barely spoke English when she moved to New Jersey, she went on to be a three-time president of her high school class and a performer in school plays. The school named its newly renovated auditorium after her in 2021.

Ressa's yearbook profile included her dream to conquer the world. Ressa studied at Princeton University, where she graduated cum laude with a Bachelor of Arts in English and certificates in theater and dance in 1986. Her 77-page-long senior thesis titled "Sagittarius" was an allegorical play about Philippine politics.

She was awarded a Fulbright Fellowship to study political theater at the University of the Philippines Diliman where she also taught several journalism courses as a faculty member.

Career

Journalism

Ressa's first job was at government station PTV 4. She then co-founded independent production company Probe in 1987 and simultaneously served as CNN's bureau chief in Manila until 1995. She then ran CNN's Jakarta bureau from 1995 to 2005. As CNN's lead investigative reporter in Asia for nearly 20 years, she specialized in investigating terrorist networks.

She became an author-in-residence at the International Center for Political Violence and Terrorism Research at Nanyang Technological University's S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies in Singapore for eight months.