德谟·麦卡洛

迪尔梅德·尼尼安·约翰·麦卡洛克（英语：Diarmaid /ˈdɜːrməd/ Ninian John MacCulloch；1951年10月31日—），是一名英国历史学家，专攻教会历史及基督教史。他是牛津大学教会史教授。2012年受封骑士。

他的著作《托马斯·克兰麦传》(Thomas Cranmer: A Life)，曾获惠特布雷德传记奖、詹姆斯·泰特·布莱克纪念奖、达夫·库珀奖；《宗教改革史》(The Reformation: A History)，获美国国家书评人协会奖、沃尔夫森历史奖。

代表作品

纪录片

《基督教文明史》（2009）

《上帝如何创造英格兰人》（2012）

《亨利八世的行刑者：托马斯·克伦威尔的崛起与衰落》（Henry VIII's Enforcer: The Rise and Fall of Thomas Cromwell ；2013）

《性与教会》 (2015)

书籍

《托马斯·克兰麦传》(Thomas Cranmer: A Life)

《宗教改革史》(The Reformation: A History)

《基督教史：最初的三千年》. 由朱伟斌翻译. 宗教文化出版社. 2024. ISBN 9787518814466 （中文（简体））.

Diarmaid Ninian John MacCulloch (; born 31 October 1951) is an English academic and historian, specialising in ecclesiastical history and the history of Christianity. Since 1995, he has been a fellow of St Cross College, Oxford; he was formerly the senior tutor. Since 2020, he has been a senior research fellow and archivist at Campion Hall, Oxford. From 1997 to 2019, he was Professor of the History of the Church at the University of Oxford.

Though ordained a deacon in the Church of England, he declined ordination to the priesthood because of the church's attitude to homosexuality. In 2009 he encapsulated the evolution of his religious beliefs: "I was brought up in the presence of the Bible, and I remember with affection what it was like to hold a dogmatic position on the statements of Christian belief. I would now describe myself as a candid friend of Christianity." MacCulloch sits on the editorial board of the Journal of Ecclesiastical History.

Life

Diarmaid MacCulloch was born in Kent, England, to the Rev. Nigel John Howard MacCulloch (an Anglican priest) and Jennie Chappell. He moved to Suffolk as a boy when his father was appointed rector of Wetherden and Haughley. He attended Hillcroft Preparatory School, Haughley and Stowmarket Grammar School. He subsequently studied history at Churchill College, Cambridge, where he obtained a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1972; this was promoted to a Master of Arts degree in 1976. During that period, he was also organ scholar at the college. After completing a Diploma in Archive Administration at Liverpool University in 1973, he then returned to Cambridge to complete a PhD degree in 1977 on Tudor history under the supervision of Geoffrey Elton, combining this with a position as Junior Research Fellow at Churchill College.

MacCulloch joined the Gay Christian Movement in 1976, serving twice on its committee and briefly as honorary secretary. From 1978 to 1990 he tutored at Wesley College, Bristol, and taught church history in the department of theology at the University of Bristol. He interrupted his teaching to study for the Oxford Diploma in Theology (awarded 1987) at Ripon College Cuddesdon. In 1987 he was ordained a deacon in the Church of England and from 1987 to 1988 he served as a non-stipendiary minister at All Saints' Clifton with St John's in the Diocese of Bristol. However, in response to a motion put before the General Synod in 1987 by Tony Higton regarding the sexuality of clergy, he declined ordination to the priesthood and ceased to minister at Clifton.

Regarding the conflict between his homosexuality and the Church of England and his own retreat from orthodoxy he said:

I was ordained Deacon. But, being a gay man, it was just impossible to proceed further, within the conditions of the Anglican set-up, because I was determined that I would make no bones about who I was; I was brought up to be truthful, and truth has always mattered to me. The Church couldn't cope and so we parted company. It was a miserable experience.

MacCulloch was awarded a Doctor of Divinity (DD) degree by the University of Oxford in 2001.

In 1996 his book Thomas Cranmer: A Life won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize. His 2003 book Reformation: Europe's House Divided 1490–1700 won the 2004 National Book Critics Circle Award, the 2004 British Academy Book Prize and the Wolfson History Prize. A History of Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years was published in September 2009 with a related 6-part television series called A History of Christianity which first aired on BBC4 in 2009 and then on BBC2 and BBC4 in 2010. The book won McGill University's Cundill Prize in History, a $75,000 prize, the largest such prize in Canada at the time.