苏亚修女

Lisa Williamson (born 1964), known as Sister Souljah, is an American author, activist, rapper, and film producer.

She gained significant attention in 1992, when Bill Clinton, running as the presumptive Democratic Party nominee for president of the United States, criticized her remarks about race in the United States. The incident was the basis for the phrase "Sister Souljah moment", referring generally to a politician's calculated public repudiation of an extreme person, statement, group, or position associated with the politician's own party.

Early life and education

Sister Souljah was born in the Bronx, New York City, in 1964. She recounts in her memoir No Disrespect that she was born into poverty and raised on welfare for some years. At the age of 10, she moved with her family to the suburb of Englewood, New Jersey, a suburb with a strong African-American presence. Englewood is also home to other famous Black artists such as George Benson, Eddie Murphy, and Regina Belle. There she attended Dwight Morrow High School.

Souljah disliked what American students were being taught in school systems across the country. She felt that the school systems intentionally left out the African origins of civilization. In addition, she criticized the absence of a comprehensive curriculum of African-American history, which she felt that all students, Black and white, needed to learn and understand in order to be properly educated. She felt that she was being taught very little of her history, since the junior high school and high school left out black history, art, and culture. She commented: "I supplemented my education in the white American school system by reading African history, which was intentionally left out of the curriculum of American students." From 1978 to 1981 she attended Dwight Morrow High School, which had a relatively even distribution of black, Latino, and Jewish student enrollment and a majority-black administration during the time of her studies. She was a legislative intern in the House of Representatives. Souljah was also the recipient of several honors during her teenage years. She won the American Legion's Constitutional Oratory Contest, for which she received a scholarship to attend Cornell University's Advanced Summer Program.

In her college years she traveled widely, visiting Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, Finland, and Russia. Her education was reinforced with first-hand experiences as she worked in a medical center in Mtepa Tepa, a village located in Zimbabwe, and assisted refugee children from Mozambique. She also traveled to South Africa and Zambia. She graduated from Rutgers University with a dual major in American History and African Studies. She became a well-known and outspoken voice on campus and wrote for the school newspaper. One of her noted campus initiatives was spearheading a campaign to bring Jesse Jackson to Rutgers to speak against the university's controversial investments in apartheid South Africa at the time, when disinvestment from South Africa was a heated political issue. Sister Souljah was part of the Rutgers Coalition for Divestment, which successfully prompted the Rutgers University administration to divest US$3.6 million in its financial holding companies doing business in that country. Sister Souljah and students across the state of New Jersey also organized a successful campaign to get the state of New Jersey to divest more than US$1 billion of its financial holdings in apartheid-era South Africa.

In 1985, during her senior year at Rutgers University, she was offered a job by Reverend Benjamin Chavis of the United Church of Christ Commission for Racial Justice. She spent the next three years developing, organizing, and financing programs such as African Survival Camp, a six-week summer sleepaway camp in Enfield, North Carolina. She also became the organizer of the National African Youth-Student Alliance and outspoken voice against racially motivated violence in cases such as the racist murder at Howard Beach, the racially motivated murder of Yusuf Hawkins, and more.

Career

Recording artist

Souljah appeared on several tracks as a featured guest with the hip-hop group Public Enemy, and she became a full member of the group when Professor Griff was forced to leave after making anti-Semitic remarks. In 1992, she released her only album, 360 Degrees of Power.

Statement about riots

During an interview on the 1992 Los Angeles riots conducted May 13, 1992, she was quoted in The Washington Post as saying, "If black people kill black people every day, why not have a week and kill white people?"

The quotation was later reproduced in the media, and she was widely criticized. Presidential candidate Bill Clinton publicly criticized her statement, and Jesse Jackson, for allowing her to be on his Rainbow Coalition. The incident resulted in the phrase "Sister Souljah moment" being coined to describe a politician's public repudiation of extremist views that are perceived to have some association with the politician's own faction or party.

Author

In 1994, Sister Souljah published a memoir titled No Disrespect.