庞迪我

迪亚哥·德·潘托哈（西班牙语：Diego de Pantoja，1571年—1618年1月），汉名庞迪我，字顺阳，耶稣会西班牙籍教士。利玛窦的同工。

生平

庞迪我1571年生于西班牙巴尔德莫罗。1589年加入耶稣会，1596年6月前往印度果阿，该年10月抵达。1597年4月，与范礼安、龙华民、阳玛诺等人从果阿出发，该年7月抵达澳门。万历二十七年（1599年）范礼安神父派遣前往南京，1600年随利玛窦到达北京，对利玛窦的帮助甚大。史载：“庞迪者(我)、熊三拔等，携有彼国历法，多中国典籍所未备者”，可知其渊博知识。利玛窦死后，庞迪我与熊三拔同奏请旨，让利玛窦安葬于北京城外。

在1602年，庞迪我给西班牙托莱多总教区总主教路易士·德古斯曼写了一封长信，介绍了一些中国情况，并纠正了门多萨《大中华帝国史》一书中的一些错误。1611年，庞迪我与熊三拔奉旨修历，但1616年发生南京教案，庞迪我等辩解无效，被遣逐回澳门，不久即病死。

庞迪我善音乐，并曾为中国皇帝明神宗绘有四大洲地图，每图周围并附有解说，略述各地历史、地理、政治和产物。

著作

《七克真训》

《人类原始》（上，下）

《庞子遗铨》

《实义续编》

《天神魔鬼说》

《受难始末》

《辨揭》

Diego de Pantoja, SJ (Chinese: 龐迪我, Pang Diwo; April 1571, Valdemoro, Spain – 9 July 1618, Portuguese Macau, China) was a Spanish Jesuit and missionary to China who is best known for having accompanied Matteo Ricci in Beijing. His name also appears in some sources as Didaco Pantoia.

Biography

He joined the Society of Jesus in 1589. He studied at the Plasencia College.

He arrived in Portuguese Macau on 20 July 1597, where he received his final instructions for his work in China at St. Paul's College. He was then sent to the Ming dynasty's southern capital, Nanjing, where he stayed from March 1600. He worked with Matteo Ricci, who later completed his work on the Zhifang waiji, China's first global atlas. Together, they left Nanjing on 19 May 1600, and arrived at the Ming dynasty's Northern and overall capital, Beijing, on 24 January 1601.

He was the first Westerner to enter the Forbidden City.

He worked in Beijing for many years, including as a musician, astronomer (with calendar corrections) and as a geographer (working with latitude). He was able to obtain some land to create a Jesuit cemetery.

In 1614 he published Qi Ke which looked at ethics and culture of Catholicism in China.

On 18 March 1617 he was tried as an enemy of the Chinese astronomers and was expelled from China, along with his colleague Sabatino de Ursis, and settled in Macao, where he lived for the short time remaining before his death.

In recent years, the life and legacy of Diego de Pantoja have become more relevant the government of the People's Republic of China welcomed the Cervantes Institute's proposal and decreed 2018 as "Diego de Pantoja Year" to mark his 400th death anniversary.

Literature

Ignacio Ramos Riera: Diego de Pantoja. Dalla Spagna alla Cina: La Civiltà Cattolica 4067/4 (2019), 484–492. ISSN 0009-8167

L. Carrington Goodrich & Chao-Ying Fang (ed.): Dictionary of Ming Biography, 2 ed., New York/London: Columbia University Press 1976

Gianni Criveller: Preaching Christ in Late Ming China: The Jesuits' Presentation of Christ from Matteo Ricci to Giulio Aleni, Taipei:Taipei Ricci Institute 1997 ISBN 2-910969-02-9

Trigault, Nicolas S. J. "China in the Sixteenth Century: The Journals of Mathew Ricci: 1583-1610". English translation by Louis J. Gallagher, S.J. (New York: Random House, Inc. 1953). This is an English translation of the Latin work, De Christiana expeditione apud Sinas based on Matteo Ricci's journals completed by Nicolas Trigault. Ricci and Pantoja's trip to Beijing is described on pp. 354–399. There is also full Latin text available on Google Books.