查理·考夫曼

查理·考夫曼（英语：Charlie Kaufman，1958年11月1日—）是一名美国编剧、电影监制及导演，作品多不合常规却大受好评，曾多次入围大型影视奖项的最佳原创剧本奖或改编剧本奖，包括奥斯卡金像奖及英国电影学院奖，更于2003年凭《美丽心灵的永恒阳光》赢得奥斯卡最佳原创剧本奖。代表作有《傀儡人生》、《改编剧本》及《美丽心灵的永恒阳光》等。

个人生平

查理·考夫曼出生在美国纽约市的犹太人家庭。他的父亲是一位工程师，母亲是一位家庭主妇。

作品列表

电影

1999年：《傀儡人生》Being John Malkovich（编剧、执行制片人）

2001年：《还我本性》Human Nature（编剧、监制）

2002年：

《改编剧本》Adaptation.（编剧、执行制片人）

《危险思想的自白》Confessions of a Dangerous Mind（编剧）

2004年：《美丽心灵的永恒阳光》Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind（编剧、执行制片人）

2008年：《纽约提喻法》Synecdoche, New York（编剧、导演、监制)

2015年：《失常》Anomalisa（编剧、导演和监制）

2020年：《我想结束这一切》I'm Thinking of Ending Things（编剧、导演和监制）

2024年：《我的好朋友黑漆漆》Orion and the Dark（编剧）

电视

Get a Life (1991–92)

The Dana Carvey Show (1993)

The Trouble With Larry (1993)

The Edge (1993–94)

Ned and Stacey (1996–97)

Moral Orel (2006)

舞台剧

Hope Leaves the Theater (2005; playwright, director)

Charles Stuart Kaufman (born November 19, 1958) is an American filmmaker and novelist. His work is distinguished by postmodernist and surrealist storytelling, with many critics considering him an auteur. Getting his start as a television writer, Kaufman gained prominence for his collaborations with directors Spike Jonze and Michel Gondry on Being John Malkovich (1999), Adaptation (2002), and Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind (2004), before going on to direct films himself with Synecdoche, New York (2008), Anomalisa (2015), and I'm Thinking of Ending Things (2020). In 2020, he released a novel, Antkind.

One of the most celebrated screenwriters of his era, Kaufman has received numerous accolades, including an Academy Award, three BAFTA Awards, two Independent Spirit Awards, an Emmy Award, and a Writers Guild of America Award. Film critic Roger Ebert called Synecdoche, New York "the best movie of the decade" in 2009. Three of Kaufman's scripts appear in the Writers Guild of America's list of the 101 greatest movie screenplays ever written.

Early life and education

Kaufman was born on November 19, 1958, in New York City to a Jewish family, the son of Helen and Myron Kaufman. He grew up in Massapequa, New York, before moving to West Hartford, Connecticut. In high school, Kaufman was in the drama club, performing in numerous productions before landing the lead role in a production of Play It Again, Sam during his senior year. After high school graduation, Kaufman attended Boston University before transferring to New York University, where he studied film. While attending NYU, Kaufman met Paul Proch, with whom he wrote many unproduced scripts and plays.

Career

Early comedy work (1983–1997)

Between 1983 and 1984, Kaufman and Proch wrote comedic articles and spoofs for National Lampoon. His work included parodies of Kurt Vonnegut and the X-Men. Kaufman and Proch tried to get their screenplays produced, sending them to many people in the film industry. The only response the two ever received was a supportive letter from Alan Arkin about their screenplay Purely Coincidental. In hope of finding a talent agent, he wrote a portfolio of spec scripts based on television series such as Married... with Children, Newhart, It's Garry Shandling's Show and The Simpsons. While pursuing his writing career, he began working odd jobs in customer service to support himself and his wife, Denise. During the late 1980s, Kaufman lived and worked in Minneapolis, working at the Star Tribune circulation department for four and a half years, as well as the Minneapolis Institute of Art.

In 1991, one of Kaufman's spec scripts finally got attention, and he gained a talent agent. The agent suggested Kaufman move from Minneapolis to Los Angeles in search of more job prospects. He moved to Los Angeles alone for two months, interviewing for a variety of different television writing jobs. The only offer he got was a Comedy Central series titled Access America, hosted by actor Fred Willard, which coincidentally was being filmed in Minneapolis. Kaufman was prepared to accept the job and move back to Minneapolis until he was offered a job by David Mirkin, writing for the second season of his and Chris Elliott's sitcom Get a Life, starring Elliott. He wrote two episodes of Get a Life before its cancellation in 1992. At first, Kaufman found the experience of working on a writing staff nerve-wracking and did not speak in the writer's room for the first few weeks. After his work was well received by other members of the staff, Kaufman overcame his timidity and became more amenable to showing others his work.