里克·鲁宾

瑞克·鲁宾（英语：Rick Rubin，本名弗雷德里克·杰·鲁宾（Frederick Jay Rubin），1963年3月10日—）是一名美国音乐制作人。他是Def Jam唱片公司的共同创办人。

瑞克·鲁宾出生于美国纽约州长滩，在1984年与罗素·赛门斯共同创立Def Jam唱片公司。1988年瑞克·鲁宾离开Def Jam，自立美国唱片。他曾与LL Cool J、Run-DMC、野兽男孩等嘻哈艺人合作。在第49届格莱美奖中，瑞克·鲁宾作为狄克西女子合唱团专辑《Taking the Long Way》的制作人获得包含年度最佳专辑在内的五项大奖。他也是歌手爱黛儿的专辑《21》的制作人之一。

Frederick Jay "Rick" Rubin (ROO-bin; born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder of American Recordings, and former co-president of Columbia Records.

Rubin helped popularize hip-hop by producing records for pioneering acts such as LL Cool J, the Beastie Boys, Run-DMC, Public Enemy and Geto Boys. He has also produced hit records for acts from a variety of other genres such as pop, heavy metal, hard rock, nu metal and country. His signature production style is stripped-down to the essentials, eschewing excessive reverb and sonic layering. He has been criticized for contributing to the loudness war by overusing compression and limiting, and mastering his tracks at very high levels.

In 2007, Rubin was called "the most important producer of the last 20 years" by MTV and was named on Time's 2007 list of the "100 Most Influential People in the World". In 2026, Rubin was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

Early life

Frederick Jay Rubin was born in Long Beach, New York, on March 10, 1963, the son of housewife Linda and shoe wholesaler Michael Rubin. He grew up in Lido Beach. While a student at Long Beach High School, Rubin befriended the school's audiovisual department director, who gave him a few lessons in guitar playing and songwriting. He then played in a band with three friends, performing at garage gigs and school shows until a teacher helped him create a punk band called the Pricks. Their biggest claim to fame was being thrown off the stage at CBGB after performing two songs due to brawling with hecklers. This turn of events was actually instigated by friends of the band who had been instructed to do so to get the show shut down and create a buzz.

Career

Def Jam

Rubin founded Def Jam Recordings while studying film at New York University. He played guitar for the band Hose, which he formed and was influenced by San Francisco's Flipper. In 1982, a Hose track became Def Jam's first release, a 45 rpm 7" vinyl single in a brown paper bag, and no label. The band played in and around the NYC punk scene, toured the Midwest and California, and played with seminal hardcore bands like Meat Puppets, Hüsker Dü, Circle Jerks, Butthole Surfers, and Minor Threat, becoming friends with Fugazi frontman and Dischord Records owner Ian MacKaye. The band broke up in 1984 as Rubin's passion moved toward the NYC hip hop scene.

Having befriended Zulu Nation's DJ Jazzy Jay, Rubin began to learn about hip hop production. By 1983, the two had produced "It's Yours" for Bronx rapper T La Rock, and released it on Def Jam. Producer Arthur Baker helped to distribute the record worldwide on Baker's Streetwise Records in 1984. Jazzy Jay introduced Rubin to concert promoter/artist manager Russell Simmons in the Negril club, and Rubin explained he needed help getting Def Jam off the ground. Simmons and Rubin edged out Jazzy Jay and the official Def Jam record label was founded while Rubin was attending New York University in 1984. Its first release was LL Cool J's "I Need a Beat". Rubin went on to find more hip-hop acts outside the Bronx, Brooklyn, and Harlem, including rappers from Queens, Staten Island, and Long Island, which eventually led to Def Jam's signing of Public Enemy. Rubin was instrumental in pointing the members of the Beastie Boys away from their punk roots and into rap, resulting in Kate Schellenbach's departure from the group. The Beastie Boys' 1985 "Rock Hard"/"Party's Gettin' Rough"/"Beastie Groove" EP came out on the success of Rubin's production work with breakthrough act Run-DMC, of which previous recordings were produced by Simmons and Orange Krush's musician Larry Smith. His productions were characterized by occasionally fusing rap with heavy rock. Rubin tapped Adam Dubin and Ric Menello to co-direct the videos for the Beastie Boys' "(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)" and "No Sleep till Brooklyn", effectively launching the band's mainstream hip hop career.