史坦林·诺斯

汤玛斯·史坦林·诺斯（英语：Thomas Sterling North，1906年11月4日—1974年12月21日），美国文学作家。日本经典动画《浣熊拉斯卡尔》正是由其知名著作《我昔日的拉斯卡尔》所改编而成。

人物

史坦林生于威斯康辛州的农村家庭，十几岁时因罹患小儿麻痹而影响了其中一条腿。1929年从芝加哥大学休学，尔后从事于《芝加哥每日新闻》、《纽约电报》、以及《纽约太阳报》的记者工作，负责文学领域。而私生活部分，有一名妻子葛蕾蒂丝·布坎南（Gladys Buchanan）。且在1929年出刊了他的第一本小说作品。1940年，被称为讽刺且粗俗的漫画。

1963年，以回忆录形式出刊了《拉斯卡尔》（Rascal），并荣获纽伯瑞奖最畅销奖得主。1969年，该作品被拍摄成电影，1977年，日本的“可尔必思剧场”将其改编制作成动画《浣熊拉斯卡尔》，并在日本国内播放了一年的时间。

1974年12月21日，在新泽西州摩里斯郡的一家疗养院去世，享年68岁。

Thomas Sterling North (November 4, 1906 – December 21, 1974) was an American writer. He is best known for the children's book Rascal, a bestseller in 1963.

Biography

Early life and family

North's maternal grandparents, James Hervey Nelson and Sarah Orelup Nelson, were Wisconsin pioneers. Born in Putnam County, New York, James moved first to near Rochester, New York, then to Menomonee Falls, in Waukesha County, Wisconsin (near Milwaukee), then pioneered a farm near present-day South Wayne, in southwestern Wisconsin. His daughter, Sarah Elizabeth Nelson, was Sterling North's mother. She married David Willard North, also the product of a pioneering local family, whose brother ran the family farm. Sarah died of pneumonia when Sterling was seven years old.

North was born on the second floor of a farmhouse on the shores of Lake Koshkonong, a few miles from Edgerton, Wisconsin, in 1906. Surviving a near-paralyzing struggle with polio in his teens, he grew to young adulthood in the quiet southern Wisconsin village of Edgerton, which North transformed into the "Brailsford Junction" setting of several of his books.

North had three siblings: two sisters, Jessica Nelson North who was an author, poet, and editor; Theo (Theodora), who was the martinet in the family; and a brother, Herschel, who survived World War I.

When Sterling North was 11 (in 1917, which would have been the year of his maternal grandfather's 100th birthday), several of his uncles wrote extended biographies about their parents and their pioneer farm life. One of these uncles was Justus Henry Nelson, an early missionary in the Amazon Basin. This writing effort was at the same time as the setting of Rascal and may have been an early literary inspiration to North.

Writing career

After attending the University of Chicago, North worked as a reporter for the Chicago Daily News, the New York World-Telegram, and the New York Sun, before becoming a full-time freelance writer.

In 1940, in his position as Chicago Daily News literary editor, North was one of the first public figures to denounce the newly popular medium of comic books. Barely two years after the introduction of Superman, North wrote that comics were "a poisonous mushroom growth of the last two years" and that comic book publishers were "guilty of a cultural slaughter of the innocents".

One of North's first books, The Pedro Gorino, published in 1929, was a narrative of the life of Harry Dean, an African-American sea captain. A 1934 North novel, Plowing on Sunday, featured a rare dust jacket illustration by Iowa artist Grant Wood.

North's book Midnight and Jeremiah was made into the Disney movie So Dear to My Heart in 1949. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song for Burl Ives's version of the 17th century English song "Lavender Blue". In addition, North wrote Abe Lincoln: Log Cabin to White House, The Wolfling: A Documentary Novel of the Eighteen-Seventies, Raccoons are the Brightest People, Hurry Spring, and many other books.

In 1956, he became the general editor of Houghton Mifflin's North Star Books. This firm published biographies of American heroes for young adult readers. Although uncredited, North's wife, Gladys Buchanan North, also contributed to the editing process.

Rascal

North's best-selling and best-known work, Rascal: A Memoir of a Better Era, was published by E. P. Dutton in August 1963. It is a remembrance of a year in his childhood when he raised a baby raccoon, which he named "Rascal". It received a Newbery Honor in 1964, a Sequoyah Book Award in 1966, and a Young Reader's Choice Award in 1966. It was made into the Disney film of the same name in 1969. Additionally, it was made into a 52-episode Japanese anime entitled Araiguma Rasukaru in 1977. The success of the anime was responsible for the introduction of the North American raccoon into Japan.