张贤亮

张贤亮（1936年12月—2014年9月27日），男，江苏盱眙人，生于南京，中国作家、企业家。第六、七、八、九、十届全国政协委员。

生平

张贤亮的父亲曾留学美国，后为国民政府官员。

1936年12月张贤亮出生于南京。1937年12月，日军攻占南京前夕，随家人逃离，幸免于难。

1949年，张贤亮的父亲作为国民党官员，被监禁并死于狱中。

1954年，18岁的张贤亮从北京的高中肄业，前往宁夏贺兰县插队劳动，不久任宁夏省委干部文化学校教员。张贤亮14岁开始文学创作；1957年因在《延河》文学月刊上发表长诗《大风歌》而被打为右派，接受劳改、管制、监禁达22年，其间曾外逃流浪，1979年9月获平反。

1980年任宁夏《朔方》文学杂志编辑，同年加入中国作家协会并重新执笔；曾任宁夏回族自治区文联主席；1992年在宁夏银川市郊创办镇北堡西部影城，曾为其董事长。并任六届政协全国委员会委员。在1980年代的中国文坛，张贤亮率先突破了若干禁区，例如描写性的《男人的一半是女人》。

2014年9月27日，张贤亮因病医治无效在银川去世。

代表作

长诗《大风》 1957年

短篇小说《邢老汉和狗的故事》

短篇小说《灵与肉》

短篇小说《肖尔布拉克》

短篇小说《初吻》

中篇小说《土牢情话》

中篇小说《龙种》

中篇小说《河的子孙》

中篇小说《绿化树》

中篇小说《浪漫的黑炮》

中篇小说《男人的一半是女人》

长篇小说《男人的风格》

长篇小说《习惯死亡》

中短篇集《灵与肉》

中短篇集《感情的历程》

中篇选集《张贤亮集》

Zhang Xianliang (Chinese: 张贤亮; December 1936 – 27 September 2014) was a Chinese novelist, essayist, and poet, and former president of the Chinese Writers Association in Ningxia. He was detained as a political prisoner during the Anti-Rightist Movement in 1957, until his political rehabilitation in 1979. His most well known works, including Half of Man is Woman and Grass Soup, were semi-autobiographical reflections on his life experiences in prison and in witnessing the political upheaval of China during the Cultural Revolution.

Life

Zhang Xianliang was born in 1936 into an upper-middle-class family in Nanjing, then the capital of the Republic of China. His father was a Kuomintang official and industrialist who managed a number of companies. Following the Communist victory in the Chinese Civil War, Zhang's father was accused of espionage, and later died in prison.

Zhang began publishing poetry at the age of 13. During the Anti-Rightist Movement, his poetry was criticized as counter-revolutionary, and Zhang was sent to a labor camp in Ningxia at age 21. He was subsequently detained several more times, and ultimately spent 22 years in prisons and labor camps. During the events of the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, he expressed sympathy with the protesting students, resulting in the ban of his work Getting Used to Dying until 1993.

After his release from prison, Zhang served as a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and in 1992 he founded the West China Film Studio in Zhenbeibu, Ningxia, a former Qing Dynasty fort. The studio has served as the shooting location for several films such as Ashes of Time and A Chinese Odyssey. He died on 27 September 2014.

Works

Mimosa (1985) - English translation (Panda Books, 1985)

Grass Soup (1995) - English translation by Martha Avery (David R. Godine, 1995)

Half of Man is Woman (1985) - English translation by Martha Avery (Viking, 1988)

Getting Used to Dying (1991) - English translation by Martha Avery (Flamingo, 1991)

My Bodhi Tree (1994) - English translation by Martha Avery (Secker and Warburg, 1996)