波希米亚丑闻 (1892)

《波希米亚丑闻》（英语：A Scandal in Bohemia），或译波宫秘闻、波宫秘史、波希米亚的丑闻、波西米亚秘闻，是英国侦探小说家阿瑟·柯南·道尔笔下名侦探夏洛克·福尔摩斯所遇到的一桩案件。

故事讲述自称“冯·克拉姆伯爵”的波希米亚贵族找到福尔摩斯，他自称受到某位贵人委托，打算委托福尔摩斯，福尔摩斯则看穿眼前之人就是伪装过的波希米亚国王。国王自述过去曾与女歌唱家艾琳·艾德勒（Irene Adler）有过一段感情，两人不但有书信往来，女方还保留了国王与艾琳的一张合照，现在国王即将与斯堪的纳维亚国的公主结婚，他担心某天艾琳会拿出那张合照导致这场两国联姻的大事告吹，所以希望福尔摩斯能帮忙取回那张照片。

福尔摩斯前去艾琳的住处调查，在查到艾琳平日的动态后略施小计找到了合照的藏匿处，却不料福尔摩斯的举动已被艾琳发现，当次日福尔摩斯、华生与国王来到艾琳住处准备取回合照时发现艾琳已与新婚丈夫搬离该处前往欧洲大陆，还留信表示自己保留合照只是为了自保，不会拿出来破坏国王的婚事，并留下自己的一张照片任凭处置。

福尔摩斯略显懊恼的向国王道歉，国王认为只要艾琳不会破坏自己的婚事就算成功，福尔摩斯认为工作未能完成拒绝了国王的丰厚报酬，只选择拿走了艾琳的照片就离开了艾琳的住所。

事后，福尔摩斯可敬的将艾琳称为“那位女人”（The Woman），她也是是唯一一个令福尔摩斯不能完全破案的敌手。

本案则是仿自爱伦·坡笔下的《失窃的信》一案。

改编作品

《神探夏洛克》第二季第一集《贝尔戈维亚丑闻》

《忧国的莫里亚蒂》漫画第17-23话，动画第二季第1-3集《大英帝国的丑闻》

"A Scandal in Bohemia" is the first short story, and the third overall work, featuring Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional detective Sherlock Holmes. It is the first of the 56 Holmes short stories written by Doyle and the first of 38 Sherlock Holmes works illustrated by Sidney Paget. The story is notable for introducing the character of Irene Adler, who is one of the most notable female characters in the Sherlock Holmes series, despite appearing in only one story.

"A Scandal in Bohemia" was first published on 25 June 1891 in the July issue of The Strand Magazine, and was the first of the stories collected in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes in 1892.

Plot

The Grand Duke of Cassel-Felstein and hereditary King of Bohemia visits 221B Baker Street. Five years earlier, he had engaged in a secret relationship with American opera singer Irene Adler. He is set to marry a young Scandinavian princess, but worries that her family will call the marriage off should they learn of this impropriety. The king seeks to regain a photograph of Adler and himself together which he gave to her as a token and which she now threatens to send to his fiancée's family.

The next day, a disguised Holmes visits Adler's neighbourhood, examines her home from outside, and learns of her lifestyle and daily routine from the local ostlers. Lawyer Godfrey Norton visits Adler for half an hour, after which they leave separately and hurriedly for a particular church. Holmes follows them there and is unexpectedly asked to be a witness to their wedding. Upon returning to Baker Street, he enlists Watson to assist in a ploy that will reveal the location of the photograph.

Holmes arranges for several men to start a fight outside Adler's home as she returns from her usual afternoon carriage ride, and fakes being injured in the scuffle. Once he has been carried inside to recover, Watson throws in a smoke bomb and shouts that a fire has started. In the confusion, Holmes watches Adler's reactions and determines where she has hidden the photograph. He notifes the king of these findings and arranges for the three to visit Adler the following morning so they can collect it.

When they arrive, they find that Adler and Norton have left England and taken the photograph with them, leaving behind a note and a second picture of Adler alone. She explains that she had been warned that the king would almost certainly send Holmes to act on his behalf, and after the incident with the smoke bomb she realised what he'd done and followed Holmes to Baker Street to confirm his identity. She assures the king that she and Norton are in love, and that the king need not fear any reprisals from her as long as he takes no action against the couple.

Even though Holmes has failed to retrieve the photograph, the king believes the photograph to be safe because Adler is a woman of her word. He offers an emerald ring as payment, but Holmes declines in favor of the picture of Adler. Watson concludes the story by noting that the case prompted Holmes to stop mocking the cleverness of women, and that he always referred to Adler as "the woman" from that point on as a way of honoring and respecting her victory over him.

In "A Case of Identity", Holmes shows Watson an amethyst-inlaid gold snuffbox the king sent for his service.

Holmes' relationship to Adler

Adler earns Holmes' unbounded admiration. When the King of Bohemia says: "Would she not have made an admirable queen? Is it not a pity she was not on my level?" Holmes replies that Adler is indeed on a much different level from the King, implying that she was superior to the King all along.

The beginning of "A Scandal in Bohemia" describes the high regard in which Holmes held Adler: