塞瓦兰人的历史 (1677)

《塞瓦兰人的历史》（英语：History of the Sevarambians；法语：Histoire des Sevarambes）是法国空想社会主义者德尼·维拉斯创作的一本乌托邦小说。1675年，该书的第一章在英国以《塞瓦兰人或塞瓦兰比的历史》为名出版；1677年，在巴黎出版法语版第一章，以《塞瓦兰人的历史》为名；1678年—1679年，出版法语版第二章；该小说的完整英语版直到1738年才出版。该书的法语版在巴黎和阿姆斯特丹先后出版20余次，并在18世纪中叶被翻译成英语、德语和意大利语多次发行。

这本小说采用游记体裁，讲述一群在南方海域中遭遇船难的旅行者的故事。这些幸存的欧洲人漂流到一片荒凉的海岸，得不到任何外部帮助，最终进入一个陌生的国家，与当地的塞瓦兰人接触，从而了解到他们独特的政治和经济制度。塞瓦兰人实行财产公有制和共妻制度，以大家庭的形式在原始共产主义条件下生活。在这个社会中，私有制被废除，所有土地和财富归国家所有，任何物品都不属于个人私有。

The History of Sevarambians is a utopian novel by Denis Vairasse, published in 1675 as The History of the Sevarites or Sevarambi.

Publication history and expansion

Originally published in English, it was quickly translated into French and expanded, with parts two and three appearing in 1677 as L’Histoire des Sévarambes. Two further installments were published in French in 1679. The novel did not appear in its completed form in English until 1738.

Plot

The first part of the novel tells the story of a shipwreck that occurs during a voyage to Batavia. The ship The Golden Dragon, under Captain Siden, goes ashore in the hypothetical southern continent of Terra Australis. The castaways make their lives for themselves, sustaining themselves through agriculture, hunting, and fishing. Due to the paucity of females present, most of the men shared one with a group of five men, except for the officers, who each were allowed their own wife.

Influence

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, in his Théodicée, referenced the title of this work, using Sevarambian as a synonym for Utopian.