影响人类历史进程的100名人排行榜 (2020 年代)

《影响人类历史进程的100名人排行榜》（英语：The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History）由美国天体物理学家、右翼作家迈克尔·H·哈特创作。该书的英文初版于1978年发行，英文修订版于1991年发行。根据作者的说法，人物的入选标准同其对历史的影响有关，且“在历史上有影响的人与影响当今社会的人同样重要”。

根据《Who's Bigger?》的说法，《影响人类历史进程的100名人排行榜》是当今世界最著名的，依据影响力划分的历史人物榜单。

初、次版名人榜候补名单

（顺序不分先后）

初、次版名人榜荣誉提名

（顺序不分先后）

The 100: A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History is a 1978 book by Michael H. Hart. It is a ranking of the 100 people who, according to Hart, most influenced human history. Unlike various other rankings at the time, Hart was not attempting to rank on "greatness" as a criterion, but rather whose actions most changed the course of human history. Hart was an American astrophysicist and white nationalist, and the book was self-published by his father's publishing house. It was his first book and was reprinted in 1992 with revisions.

Summary

The book contains 100 entries of various individuals, as well as an appendix of Honorable Mentions. Each entry is a short biography of the person, followed by Hart's thoughts on how this person was influential and changed the course of human history. He gave additional credit for importance for people whose actions Hart felt were unusual, unlikely, or ahead of their time compared to a hypothesized course of history had this person not lived. Some people included are Muhammad, Genghis Khan, Beethoven, and William the Conqueror.

Founders and shapers of successful religions were among the most influential in Hart's view, as these shaped many people's lives quite strongly over a long period of time. The first person on Hart's list is the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Hart asserted that Muhammad was "supremely successful" in both the religious and secular realms, being responsible for the foundations of Islam as well as being the driving force behind the Early Muslim conquests, which united the Arabian Peninsula and eventually formed wider caliphate after his death. He mentions that there is no reason to believe the Arab conquests would have occurred without Muhammad, noting that the only similar event in human history were the Mongol conquests, catalysed by Genghis Khan.

Hart also believed that Muhammad played an unusually singular and personal role in the development of Islam. The development of Christianity, by contrast, has its influence split between Jesus's initial teachings and foundational work, and Paul the Apostle, who played a pivotal role in the early spread of Christianity as well as distinguishing its doctrines and practices from Judaism and the other Greek and Roman religions of the time period. Gautama Buddha, Confucius, and Moses are all placed highly as well due to their role in establishing religions.

The list includes only two women, which Hart attributes to the fact that women have generally been denied opportunities to exert great influence throughout history. He further states that "Similar observations might be made concerning various racial or ethnic groups whose members have been disadvantaged in the past."

One of the most notable omissions was Abraham Lincoln, which Hart relegated to the "Honorary Mentions" in the appendix. Changes in the 1992 revision include the rankings of figures associated with Communism being lowered after the Revolutions of 1989, such as Vladimir Lenin and Mao Zedong, and the introduction of Mikhail Gorbachev. Hart took sides in the Shakespearean authorship issue and replaced William Shakespeare with Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford in the 1992 version. Hart also substituted Niels Bohr and Henri Becquerel with Ernest Rutherford. Henry Ford was promoted from the "Honorary Mentions" list, replacing Pablo Picasso. Finally, various rankings were re-ordered, although no one listed in the top ten changed their position.

The book was first published in 1978, as imprinted with "Hart Publishing Company." According to the Calgary Herald, at least 60,000 copies were sold. The book has since been translated into many languages.