三遂平妖传

《三遂平妖传》全称《北宋三遂平妖传》，又名《新平妖传》，为明朝罗贯中所著，是中国小说史上第一部长篇神怪小说。

主要讲述的中心事件，是宋代的王则起义，罗贯中根据历史事实的民间传说、以及市井流传的话本进行整理、编成。因为书中的三个主角马遂、诸葛遂智、李遂的名字都有遂字，故称三遂，可谓神怪小说之先声。

简介

《三遂平妖传》多写人间妖异事件，少谈方外神仙鬼怪。罗氏此书，吸取和继承了宋元以来有关记述镇压胡永儿、王则起义的史料、民间传说、小说故事以及见诸于某些笔记小说中的神异故事来加以融合、整理而写成的。王缑山称罗贯中所著之《三遂平妖传》堪与《水浒》颉颃。

明代万历年间，通俗文学家冯梦龙从长安城购得罗贯中的二十回本，亲自改编增补，广泛吸收民间的妖异故事，以丰富小说的内容，编成《新平妖传》，成为现在通行的四十回本。《三遂平妖传》四十回本署名为：“罗贯中编次，冯梦龙补改”。

人物

宋真宗

宋仁宗

善王太尉

王钦若

刘彦威

夏有守

范仲淹

陶必显

杨巡检

窦文玉

柳春生

董元春

蛋子和尚

慈云长老

圣姑姑

石头陀

赵大郎

雷太监

胡大洪

贾道士

严夲仁

冷公子

温殿直

诸葛遂智

太白星君

白猿神

从天宫将记载一百零八样变化之法的如意册盗走，让猿猴猢狲们分别将三十六天罡大变法、七十二地煞小变法刻于白云洞两侧石壁。之后被人偷学，书中对学成七十二变化的描述：

而天罡变化更胜于地煞变化。

胡媚儿

吴三郎

段文玉

版本

泰昌元年《天许斋批点北宋三遂平妖传》

《映旭斋增订北宋三遂平妖传》校点

改编作品

天书奇谭

平妖传 (电视剧)，由胡储玺执导，毛晓彤、陈若轩、冯俊熙主演平妖传 (游戏)，台湾智冠科技股份有限公司推出的一款游戏平妖传 (电影)，马志宇执导，李锦文监制，俞建华总出品人的电影

The Three Sui Quash the Demons' Revolt (Chinese: 三遂平妖傳; pinyin: Sān Suì píng yāo zhuàn), also translated as Quelling the Demons' Revolt and The Sorcerer's Revolt, is a Chinese novel attributed to the 14th-century novelist Luo Guanzhong, although the earliest extant version was compiled between 1571 and 1589, possibly by Wang Shenxiu (王慎脩). In 1620 Feng Menglong expanded the novel to forty chapters from the original twenty. A work in the shenmo genre, the novel blends comedy with the supernatural, and is an early work of vernacular fiction.

The story is very loosely based on Wang Ze's failed 1047–48 rebellion during the Song dynasty.

Synopsis

The story is set in the Northern Song Dynasty. Wang Ze, a military commander, marries the sorceress Hu Yong'er. Hu was conceived after her mother burned an enchanted painting. She was taught magic from a fox spirit, enabling her to conjure armies with her spells. The three sorcerers, Zhang Luan, Bu Ji, and the Egg Monk Danzi Wang, join Wang after a series of adventures battling corrupt officials with their supernatural powers.

Wang leads a revolt to overthrow the government with the help of the sorcerers. The three sorcerers grow disillusioned with Wang's impropriety and defect to the government forces headed by Wen Yanbo, who had arrived to suppress the rebels. The Egg Monk disguises himself as a monk by the name of Zhuge Sui and aids the imperial generals Ma Sui and Li Sui. Together, the Three Suis defeat Wang and end the rebellion.

History

Legends of Wang Ze and his revolt, a historical event, were popular since the Yuan Dynasty and commonly embellished with elements from Chinese mythology. The novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong is a shenmo novel loosely based on Wang's revolt and published in the 16th century. It is not certain if Luo is the genuine author of the novel. The appearance of lijia, a social institution for local governance in rural areas, suggests that the text was written during or after the 15th century, but this may have been an alteration by a later editor. The original copies of the book attributed to Luo are lost. The only surviving works of Luo's earlier story are a revised edition published by Wang Shenxiu and the Nanjing Publishing House Shide tang. Three copies of the revised novel are still extant. It contains twenty chapters, separated into four juan (sections).

Feng Menglong wrote a new and longer version of the story to improve what he perceived as the novel's shortcomings. It was published by the studio Tianxu Zhai in 1620. The first edition was anonymously written and released as a work by the original author, but the second edition revealed that Feng was the new writer. His revision expanded the novel to forty chapters, of which fifteen precede the first chapter of the original novel. Parts of the older chapters were rewritten, or revised with entirely new passages. He provided backstories for many of the supporting characters that were introduced haphazardly in the original story. According to translator Nathan Sturman, Feng Menglong's version is one of the world's first psychological novels, which he compares to the Faust stories.

The novel was popular and critically acclaimed when it was originally released, but later faded into obscurity. Ota Tatsuo wrote the first extensive contemporary non-Chinese analysis of the work in 1967, and the scholarship and critical views of Patrick Hanan were important in following years.

Translations

The Sorcerer's Revolt. Translated by Nathan Sturman. Silk Pagoda. 2008. ISBN 978-1596545670.

The Three Sui Quash the Demons' Revolt: A Comic Novel Attributed to Luo Guanzhong. Translated by Lois Fusek. University of Hawaii Press. 2010. ISBN 978-0-8248-3406-7.

——— (2017). Quelling the Demons' Revolt: A Novel from Ming China. Translated by Patrick Hanan. Introduction by Ellen Widmer and David Der-Wei Wang. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231183062.

Adaptations

Legend of Sealed Book, a 1983 Chinese animation film