景德传灯录 (1004)

传灯录，全称景德传灯录，景德是北宋真宗年号，本书原题名为《佛祖同参集》，中国佛教禅宗史书。共30卷，宋景德元年（1004年）东吴僧道原撰，被收入《大正藏》。

“传灯录”只限于禅宗，属记言体及按世次记载的谱录体。《传灯录》载自过去七佛、第一祖摩诃迦叶、至第二十七祖般若多罗、东土六祖，至法眼宗文益禅师法嗣的禅宗传法世系，共1701人的机缘语句，载明各禅师之俗姓、籍贯、修行经历、住地、示寂年代、世寿、法腊、谥号等。另附语录951人。传灯录产生了广泛的影响，并引出了禅宗一系列的灯录著述，如：《天圣广灯录》、《续传灯录》。

在《宝林传》、《祖堂集》尚未重新为世人发现之前，《景德传灯录》是禅宗最早的一部史书，位居“五灯”（即《传灯录》、《广灯录》、《续灯录》、《联灯会要》、《普灯录》）之首，是研究禅宗史的重要资料。自上述二书（《宝林传》、《祖堂集》）于二十世纪上半叶被发现后，得知本书曾受其影响，且多所取材。事实上，在本书完成前的唐末、五代时，已有多种禅宗史书出现。在内容上，《景德传灯录》是以这些史书为基础，并进一步搜集资料，经筛选润色而成。

The Record of the Transmission of the Lamp (traditional Chinese: 景德傳燈錄; simplified Chinese: 景德传灯录; pinyin: Jǐngdé Chuándēng lù; Wade–Giles: Ching-te Ch'uan teng lu; Japanese: Keitoku Dentō-roku), often referred to as The Transmission of the Lamp, is a 30 volume work consisting of putative biographies of the Chan Buddhist and Zen Buddhist patriarchs and other prominent Buddhist monks. It was produced in the Song dynasty by Shi Daoyuan (simplified Chinese: 释道原; traditional Chinese: 釋道原; pinyin: Shì Dàoyuán; Wade–Giles: Shih Tao-Yüen). Other than the Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall, it represents the first appearance of "encounter dialogues" in the Chan tradition, which in turn are the antecedents of the famous kōan stories.

The word Jingde (景德), the first two characters of the title, refers to the reign name of Emperor Zhenzong of Song, which dates the work to between 1004 and 1007 CE. It is a primary source of information for the history of Chan Buddhism in China, although most scholars interpret the biographies as largely hagiography. The lives of the Zen masters and disciples are systematically listed, beginning with the first seven buddhas (Gautama Buddha is seventh in this list). The "Lamp" in the title refers to the "Dharma", the teachings of the Buddhism. A total of 1701 biographies are listed in the book. Volumes 1 to 3 are devoted to the history of Indian Buddhism, and the history of Buddhism in China starts in chapter 4 with Bodhidharma. Volume 29 is a collection of gathas, and volume 30 is a collection of songs and other devotional material.

The List of the Patriarchs

The Seven Buddhas

Vipashin

Shikhin

Vishvabhu

Kakusandha

Kanakamuni

Kāśyāpa

Shakyamuni

The Twenty-Eight Indian Patriarchs

Mahakāśyapa

Ānanda

Sanakavāsa

Upagupta

Dhritaka

Michaka

Vasumitra

Buddhanandi

Buddhamitra

Parsva

Punyayasas

Aśvaghoṣa

Kapimala

Nāgārjuna

Kanadeva

Rahulata

Sanghanandi

Gayasata

Kumorata

Jāyatā

Vasubandhu

Manorhita

Haklena

Āryasimha

Bashyashita

Punyamitra

Prajñātara

Bodhidharma

The Six Chinese Patriarchs

Bodhidharma

Huike

Sengcan

Daoxin

Hongren

Huineng