埤雅

《埤雅》，是北宋的陆佃所编辑的辞典，总共20卷，主要展现陆佃对于《诗经》中的动植物深入的研究。陆佃还作有《尔雅新义》。陆佃死后，其子陆宰在北宋宣和7年（1125年）为此书写序。

同样以动植物作为分类的书籍，南宋的罗愿所编撰的《尔雅翼》。估测《埤雅》于元丰年间(1078–1085)，李约瑟则认为是在1096年前后。

陆佃编《埤雅》为8章，其名称与《尔雅》最后8章基本重合。《广韵》“埤：附也，增也。”书名意思是为《尔雅》附增更多字。

序言解释了陆佃试图定义动植物学术语的动机。宋朝官方将科举的基础从诗歌改变为经义，文人便不再研究动植物名称了。

评价

《四库全书总目提要》卷40・埤雅：“然其诠释诸経、颇拠古义。其所援引、多今所未见之书。其推阐名理、亦往往精凿。谓之驳雑则可、要不能不谓之博奥也。”

The Piya (Chinese: 埤雅; pinyin: Píyǎ; Wade–Giles: P'i-ya; "Increased [Er]ya") was a Chinese dictionary compiled by Song Dynasty scholar Lu Dian (陸佃/陆佃, 1042–1102). He wrote this Erya supplement along with his Erya Xinyi (爾雅新義 "New Exegesis of the Erya") commentary. Although the Piya preface written by his son Lu Zai (陸宰/陆宰) is dated 1125, the dictionary was written earlier; estimates around the Yuanfeng era (元豐, 1078–1085), and Joseph Needham says around 1096.

Lu Dian arranged the Piya into 8 semantically based chapters that closely correspond with the last Erya chapters 13–19. The only exceptions are Chapter 5 ("Explaining Horses") that is contained in Erya 19 ("Explaining Domestic Animals") and Chapter 8 ("Explaining Heaven") that anomalously corresponds with the first part of the Erya.

The preface explains Lu's motives for defining flora and fauna terminology. Since Song officials changed the basis for the Imperial examination from mastering poetry to jingyi (經義/经义 "expounding on a classical quotation"), literati no longer studied the lyrical names for plants and animals.