正字通

《正字通》，明末张自烈撰，凡12卷。

《正字通》是清初著名的字典，收字依子丑寅卯等十二地支排列，共12卷，部首与梅膺祚《字汇》相同，皆为214部。正字通共收字33,549字，资料详博，引用佛道、医药、方技，乃至于奇闻异事，唯过分繁杂，有时一字重见于两部，是其缺点，《四库全书总目·卷四三·正字通》评“征引繁芜，颇多舛驳。又喜排斥许慎《说文》，尤不免穿凿附会，非善本也。”。

《正字通》本为张自烈手稿，题《字汇辩》（1627年），是作为《字汇》（1615年）的补充。其友廖文英买下手稿，改名为《正字通》出版（1671年），廖文英在自序中并未提及张的名字，颇为后世所讥。《正字通》风行一时，多次重刊，直到被《康熙字典》取代为止。张自烈是江西宜春人，因此《正字通》中辑有不少方言俗语，《康熙字典》时而不取，故《正字通》仍有一定价值。《正字通》内容博洽，有不少学者为其注解，如：徐文靖《正字通略记》4卷，胡宗绪《正字通芟误》。

The Zhengzitong (Chinese: 正字通; pinyin: Zhèngzìtōng; Wade–Giles: Cheng-tzu-t'ung; lit. 'Correct Character Mastery') was a 17th-century Chinese dictionary. The Ming dynasty scholar Zhang Zilie (張自烈; Chang Tzu-lieh) originally published it in 1627 as a supplement to the 1615 Zihui dictionary of Chinese characters, and called it the Zihui bian (字彙辯; "Zihui Disputations"). The Qing dynasty author Liao Wenying (廖文英; Liao Wen-ying) bought Zhang's manuscript, renamed it Zhengzitong, and published it under his own name in 1671.

The received edition Zhengzitong has over 33,000 headwords in 12 fascicles (卷). Following the format of the Zihui, the character headwords give alternate graphs, fanqie spellings, definitions, explanations, and citations from Chinese classic texts. Zhang Zilie was a native of Jiangxi Province, and his Zhengzitong contains many linguistically valuable dialectal terms from Southeastern China. The famous 1716 Kangxi Zidian relied heavily upon the Zhengzitong.