何塞·路易斯·桑佩德罗

何塞·路易斯·桑佩德罗（西班牙语：José Luis Sampedro，全名José Luis Sampedro Sáez，何塞·路易斯·桑佩德罗·赛斯，1917年2月1日—2013年4月8日），西班牙经济学家和作家。

生平

1917年，桑佩德罗生于加泰罗尼亚巴塞罗那，在13岁之前长于摩洛哥丹吉尔，后先后移居至西班牙索里亚省索里亚和马德里自治区阿兰胡埃斯。1936年，西班牙内战爆发，桑佩德罗加入政府(西班牙内战)国民军，后加入反政府的革命军。

1955年，桑佩德罗成为马德里康普顿斯大学的经济学教授。

在经济学研究的职业生涯阶段，桑佩德罗曾发表过数篇小说，1980年代初期退休之后，桑佩德罗更专注于文学作品的创作，并取得了一定的成就，1990年以经济学学者的身份入选专注文字、语言领域的西班牙皇家学院院士。后陆续推出多部畅销作品，直至2011年94岁高龄时，仍有作品问世。

在经济学研究方面，桑佩德罗推崇人文主义理念，反对西方世界盛行的资本主义和新自由主义的理念，是一位活跃的批评家。

2013年4月8日，于西班牙马德里逝世。

José Luis Sampedro Sáez (Barcelona, 1 February 1917 – Madrid, 8 April 2013) was a Spanish economist and writer who advocated an economy "more humane, more caring, able to help develop the dignity of peoples".

Academician of the Real Academia Española since 1990, he was the recipient of the Order of Arts and Letters of Spain, the Menéndez Pelayo International Prize (2010) and the Spanish Literature National Prize (2011). He became an inspiration for the anti-austerity movement in Spain.

Biography

In 1917, the year of his birth, his family moved to Tangier (Morocco), where he lived until aged thirteen. In 1936, he was mobilized by the Republican faction in the Spanish Civil War, fighting in an anarchist battalion. He spent the war serving variously in Catalonia, Guadalajara, Castilla-La Mancha, and Huete (Cuenca). After the war, he was again called up and served in the garrison of the Spanish enclave of Melilla in North Africa.

After the war, he obtained work as a customs officer in Santander before moving to Madrid, where, in 1944, he married Isabel Pellicer before completing his university studies in Economics in 1947, winning, in the process, the award of an "Extraordinary Prize".

Thereafter, he started working with a major Spanish financial institution at that moment, the Banco Exterior de España, whilst also teaching at the university. In 1955, he became the professor of Economic policy at the Complutense University of Madrid, which post he held until 1969, combining teaching with various positions in the Banco Exterior de España, where he reached the post of deputy general manager. Meanwhile, he published academic works about the post economic reality and structural analysis and the European future of Spain and also wrote his first theatrical play A place to live (1955).

Around 1965 and 1966, there was a purge of prominent university professors in Spain including the philosopher es:José Luis López Aranguren and socialist lawyer Enrique Tierno Galván, as a result of which he decided to become a visiting professor at the Universities of Salford and Liverpool in North West England.

Along with other teachers, Sampedro created the Spanish Center for Studies and Research (CEISA), a symbol of intellectual independence which would be closed in Francoist Spain three years later. In 1968, he was appointed as Anna Howard Shaw lecturer at Bryn Mawr College for women in Philadelphia, USA.

On his return to Spain, he requested a leave of absence from Complutense University and published a satirical play called the naked horse. After the death of Francisco Franco, he returned in 1976 to the Banco Exterior de España as a consultant economist. In 1977, he was appointed senator by Royal prerogative of King Juan Carlos, then, following the first democratic Spanish general election, 1977, he was elected as a socialist senator, a post he held until 1979.

In parallel to his professional activity as an economist, he published several novels and continued to write after his official retirement, achieving great successes with works like October, October, Etruscan smile, or Old siren. Sadly, his literary successes coincided with the tragic news of the death of his wife, Isabel Pellicer, in 1986.

In 1990, he was appointed member of the Royal Spanish Academy, the definitive authority on the Castilian Spanish where his heterodox inaugural address, From the border related to the subject of his novel The old siren, published that same year, which can be considered a Spanish hymn to life, love and tolerance.

In 2003, the widowed Sampedro was remarried to the writer, poet and translator es:Olga Lucas in the spa town of Alhama de Aragón. Thereafter, he spent part of the year in Tenerife, in the Canary Islands, whose symbol, the Dracaena draco tree, is home to the Tenerife blue chaffinch on the volcanic peak of Mount Teide, which inspired him to write The path of the dragon tree.