唐娜·哈拉维

唐娜·哈拉维（英语：Donna J. Haraway，1944年9月6日—），或译唐娜·哈洛威，美国哲学家，主要研究后现代主义和女性主义，现任加州大学圣克鲁斯分校教授。

唐娜·哈拉维著作丰富，包括《灵长类视觉——现代科学世界中的性别、种族和自然》、《类人猿、赛博格和女人》等，目的是解构人们对于身体，种族的知识。她的作品批判了人类中心主义，强调了非人类过程（processes）的自组织能力，并探讨了这些过程与文化习俗之间的不和谐关系，重新思考伦理的来源。

2000年9月，唐娜·哈拉维因其领域的“杰出贡献”而被授予社会科学学会最高荣誉协会John Desmond Bernal奖。

经历

1944年9月6日生于美国丹佛市，哈拉维的父亲是丹佛邮报的体育记者，她的母亲是来自爱尔兰的天主教徒，她在哈拉维16岁时去世。哈拉维在科罗拉多州樱桃山村的圣玛丽学院上高中。

1962年开始在科罗拉多学院学习动物学与哲学，同时兼修英语专业的课程。获得了全额奖学金。1966年获得了福布莱特计划的资助，赴法从事为期一年的进化哲学和神学的研究。

1972年，哈拉维在耶鲁大学生物系以“关于隐喻在20世纪发育生物学研究中的作用特征”的论文获得博士学位。

哈拉维曾任教于夏威夷大学、加州大学圣克鲁斯分校。

理论

赛伯格宣言

1985年，哈洛威发表〈赛伯格宣言〉。尽管哈洛威早期作品批判科学界的父权，但该宣言系回应当时的女性主义，主张不再存在某种本质让女人归属同一类，一如赛伯格。

相关文献

《身体:符号、隐喻与跨界——唐娜·哈拉维“技科学”的主体解析》. 周丽昀. 上海大学社会科学学院

《哈拉维及其“赛博格”神话》. 李建会 苏湛. 北京师范大学哲学与社会学学院

Donna Jeanne Haraway (born September 6, 1944) is an American philosopher, who contributed to the intersection of information technology and feminist theory, and is a scholar in contemporary ecofeminism. Her work criticizes anthropocentrism, emphasizes the self-organizing powers of nonhuman processes, and explores dissonant relations between those processes and cultural practices, rethinking sources of ethics.

Haraway taught women's studies and the history of science at the University of Hawaiʻi (1971–1974) and Johns Hopkins University (1974–1980). She began working as a professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz in 1980 where she became the first tenured professor in feminist theory in the United States.

Haraway's works have contributed to the study of both human–machine and human–animal relations. Her work has sparked debate in primatology, philosophy, and developmental biology. Haraway participated in a collaborative exchange with the feminist theorist Lynn Randolph from 1990 to 1996. Their engagement with specific ideas relating to feminism, technoscience, political consciousness, and other social issues, formed the images and narrative of Haraway's book Modest_Witness for which she received the Society for Social Studies of Science's (4S) Ludwik Fleck Prize in 1999. She was also awarded the American Sociological Association's Section on Science, Knowledge and Technology's Robert K. Merton Award in 1992 for her work Primate Visions: Gender, Race, and Nature in the World of Modern Science. In 2017, Haraway was awarded the Wilbur Cross Medal, one of the highest honors for alumni of Yale University. In 2021, Haraway received the Nuevo León Alfonso Reyes Prize for imagining new horizons for the fusion of science, humanities, biology, and philosophy. In 2025, she was awarded the Erasmus Prize.

Biography

Early life

Donna Jeanne Haraway was born on September 6, 1944, in Denver, Colorado. Her father, Frank O. Haraway, was a sportswriter for The Denver Post. Her mother, Dorothy Mcguire Haraway, who came from an Irish Catholic background, died from a heart attack when Haraway was 16 years old. Haraway attended high school at St. Mary's Academy in Cherry Hills Village, Colorado.

Although she is no longer religious, Catholicism had a strong influence on her as she was taught by nuns in her early life. The impression of the eucharist influenced her linkage of the figurative and the material.

Education

Haraway majored in zoology, with minors in philosophy and English at Colorado College, on the full-tuition Boettcher Scholarship. After college, Haraway moved to Paris and studied evolutionary philosophy and theology at the Fondation Teilhard de Chardin on a Fulbright scholarship. She completed her Ph.D. in biology at Yale University in 1972 writing a dissertation about the use of metaphor in shaping experiments in experimental biology titled The Search for Organizing Relations: An Organismic Paradigm in Twentieth-Century Developmental Biology. Her dissertation was later edited into a book and published under the title Crystals, Fabrics, and Fields: Metaphors of Organicism in Twentieth-Century Developmental Biology.