古德龙·帕塞汪

古德伦·鲍瑟王（德语：Gudrun Pausewang，1928年3月3日—2020年1月23日），女，苏台德德国人，德国儿童文学及青少年文学作家。

生平

1928年生于捷克斯洛伐克共和国波西米亚地区东部维克斯塔特尔小镇（现姆拉德科夫）的德意志族家庭。1938年，苏台德地区被纳粹德国占领后，年仅10岁的她成为青少女联盟的成员。随后二战爆发，她的父亲死于战场，母亲带着她向西逃亡，在威斯巴登定居。战争结束后，她继续学业，1948年高中毕业后考入魏尔堡师范学校，毕业后在小学当老师。1956年，她前往南美洲的德语学校任教，足迹遍布智利、委内瑞拉和哥伦比亚等国。1972年回国后，在施利茨定居，1989年退休。教学之余，她热衷于写作、和平与环保事业。一生共出版近百本小说，荣获许多奖项，被翻译成30多种语言在世界各地出版。

从2016年开始居住在包纳赫的一所养老院。2020年1月23日去世，终年91岁。

主要作品

20世纪80年代，她预见性地创作了反核武器小说《最后的孩子》和《穿云少女》。1986年苏联切尔诺贝利核事故与2011年日本福岛核事故的发生，都证实了其预感和警告的正确性。

中文译本

顾德伦．包瑟望. 《穿云少女》. 由黄慧珍翻译. 菓子文化. 2021年12月. ISBN 9789860671568.

[德]古德伦·鲍瑟王. 《穿过云朵的少女》. 由廖迅翻译. 接力出版社. 2013年1月. ISBN 9787544828284.

[德]古德伦·鲍瑟王. 《最后的孩子》. 由郭鑫翻译. 接力出版社. 2013年1月. ISBN 9787544828291.

Gudrun Pausewang (3 March 1928 – 23 January 2020), less commonly known by her married name, Gudrun Wilcke, was a German author of children's and young adult literature. She was known for books such as The Last Children of Schewenborn and Die Wolke (The Cloud, published in English under the title Fall-Out) which became part of the German school canon. Her key interests included peace and protection of the environment, and she warned of the alleged dangers of nuclear energy. Her books have been translated into English and received international recognition and awards.

Biography

Pausewang was born in Wichstadtl (now Mladkov), Eastern Bohemia, a member of the German minority in Czechoslovakia. Her father was Siegfried Pausewang, and she was the eldest of six siblings. After the Nazis annexed the area, she became a Jungmädel at age 10 and remained in the organisation until she was 17. Her father died in World War II, and her mother fled with the children to the West, settling in Wiesbaden. Pausewang studied pedagogy and taught in German primary schools (Volksschule), then from 1956 for West Germany's foreign school services in South America, in Chile, Venezuela and Columbia. She returned to West Germany with her son in 1972. She lived in Schlitz, Hesse, where she taught until her retirement in 1989, and where she wrote most of her novels. After her retirement, she achieved her Ph.D. with a dissertation entitled "Vergessene Jugendschriftsteller der Erich-Kästner-Generation" (Forgotten young-adult writers of Erich Kästner's generation).

Pausewang wrote around 100 novels. In 2011, she named as her four main topics:

"We should never experience another war" ("Krieg und Frieden")

"We should never have another dictatorship" ("Nie mehr Nationalsozialismus")

"The poor conditions in South America" ("Armut in Südamerika")

"Protecting nature" ("Schutz der Umwelt").

She wrote her novel Die Wolke (literally: The Cloud) in 1987, after the Chernobyl disaster, using information that the organisation "Ärzte gegen den Atomtod" (Physicians against Nuclear Death) had published at the end of the 1970s. In 1988, it was awarded the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis, the Kurd Laßwitz Award and the Deutscher Science Fiction Preis in the category Best Novel. It was published in English in 1994 as Fall-Out in a translation by Patricia Crampton. She wrote in 2011, after the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster, that she was determined to take her readers seriously regardless of age, and she wanted to warn readers of the dangers of her time."

Her novel Dark Hours was included in the New York Public Library's 2007 list of Books for the Teen Age Reader, and in the Texas Library Association's 2007–2008 Tayshas High School Reading List. It received the Silver Medal in Juvenile/Young Adult Fiction from the Independent Publisher Book Awards.

Pausewang was awarded the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany. Several schools were named after her, and she received the Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis for her life's work in 2017. Her books Die Wolke and Die letzten Kinder von Schewenborn became part of required reading in schools, providing a formative and highly ambivalent reading experience shared by many West Germans born in the 1970s and 1980s.

From 2016, she lived in a senior citizens' home in Baunach, where she died on 23 January 2020.

Publications

Publications by Gudrung Pausewang (Gudrun Wilcke) are held by the German National Library, including:

Die Not der Familie Caldera (1977)

Auf einem langen Weg (1978)

Die letzten Kinder von Schewenborn (1983) ISBN 3-473-58007-4

Die Wolke (1987)

Fern von der Rosinkawiese (1989)

Reise im August (1992)

Der Schlund (Roman, 1993)

Die Kinder- und Jugendliteratur des Nationalsozialismus als Instrument ideologischer Beeinflussung. Liedertexte – Erzählungen und Romane – Schulbücher – Zeitschriften – Bühnenwerke (2005), published as Gudrun Wilcke

Books in English

Fall-Out, a translation of Die Wolke, translated by Patricia Crampton, published by Viking (1994).